People in Sofia, Bulgaria. Editorial credit: poludziber / Shutterstock.com

Bulgaria

Multiple parties compete in Bulgaria’s democratic system, and there have been several transfers of power between rival parties in recent decades. The country continues to struggle with political corruption and organized crime. While the media sector remains pluralistic, ownership concentration is a growing problem. Journalists at times encounter threats or violence in the course of their work. Ethnic minorities, particularly Roma, face discrimination. Despite funding shortages and other obstacles, civil society groups have been active and influential.

Volunteers clean up the rubbles from a destroyed residential building in Borodyanka. Following the recapture of Borodyanka by the Ukrainian forces, the city was heavily devastated and turned into ruins under intense fighting and shelling.

Nations in Transit — Bulgaria Country Report

Bulgaria is categorized as a Semi-Consolidated Democracy in the Nations in Transit 2023, Freedom House's annual study on the state of democracy in the region stretching from Central Europe to Central Asia.

Freedom in the World 2023

Freedom in the World — Bulgaria Country Report

Bulgaria is rated Free in Freedom in the World 2023, Freedom House's annual study of political rights and civil liberties worldwide.